Electronic navigation related technology

ABSTRACT

Techniques are described for monitoring whether a user is following directions to a destination during electronic navigation to the destination provided by an electronic navigation device. When the electronic navigation device determines that the user is not following directions to the destination (e.g., the user has missed several turns suggested by the electronic navigation device), the electronic navigation device determines that the user appears to be avoiding the route (or a primary component thereof) to the destination. In response to a determination that the user appears to be avoiding the route (or a primary component thereof) to the destination, the electronic navigation device may automatically, without human intervention, perform an operation directed to using an alternative route (or alternative primary component) to the destination despite the current route remaining preferred according to current routing settings.

FIELD

This document relates to electronic navigation and mapping technology.

BACKGROUND

Electronic navigation and mapping systems provide users with directionsbetween a starting location and a destination location. An electronicdevice may provide electronic navigation along a route between thestarting location and the destination location based on position data,such as Global Positioning System (GPS) data.

SUMMARY

Implementations of the described techniques may include hardware, amethod or process implemented at least partially in hardware, or acomputer-readable storage medium encoded with executable instructionsthat, when executed by a processor, perform operations.

The details of one or more implementations are set forth in theaccompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will beapparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1-10 illustrate examples of user interfaces.

FIG. 11 depicts an example of an electronic navigation system.

FIGS. 12-15 are flowcharts of example processes.

FIGS. 16-23 illustrate examples of user interfaces.

FIG. 24 is a flowchart of an example process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Techniques are described for monitoring whether a user is followingdirections to a destination during electronic navigation to thedestination provided by an electronic navigation device. When theelectronic navigation device determines that the user is not followingdirections to the destination (e.g., the user has missed several turnssuggested by the electronic navigation device), the electronicnavigation device determines that the user appears to be avoiding theroute (or a primary component thereof) to the destination selected bythe electronic navigation device. In response to a determination thatthe user appears to be avoiding the route (or a primary componentthereof) to the destination, the electronic navigation device mayautomatically, without human intervention, perform an operation directedto using an alternative route (or alternative primary component) to thedestination despite the current route remaining preferred according tocurrent routing settings.

Referring to FIG. 1, a user interface 100 of a navigation deviceincludes a mapping display area 101 that provides a display of a map ofan area corresponding to a current position of a navigation device. Themapping display area 101 may display streets, points of interest,geographical elements (e.g., lakes, fields, etc.), routing information,coordinates, compass directions, etc. The size and area of the mappingdisplay area 101 may be defined based on the current position of thenavigation device and a zoom factor that defines a level of detail withwhich a user wishes to perceive the mapping display area 101. In someimplementations, the mapping display area 101 moves as the navigationdevice moves and the mapping display area 101 rotates as the navigationdevice rotates (e.g., turns down a road traveling in a differentdirection).

The mapping display area 101 displays an origin location 102 and adestination location 104. The origin location 102 may be a startingpoint of a user using the navigation device and the destination location104 may be a desired ending point of the user using the navigationdevice.

The mapping display area 101 also includes a current position indicator106. The current position indicator 106 provides a graphical indicationof the current position of the navigation device within the mappingdisplay area 101. The navigation device may determine the currentposition using a position detector. For instance, the navigation displaymay determine the current position of the navigation device using globalpositioning system (“GPS”) technology and display the current positionindicator 106 within the mapping display area 101 at a positioncorresponding to the current position determined by the navigationdevice. The navigation device may update the current position indicator106 continuously (or periodically) such that the current positionindicator 106 tracks motion of the navigation device (e.g., as thenavigation device moves along a road, the current position indicator 106moves along a displayed representation of the road in the mappingdisplay area 101).

When a user specifies a destination location 104, the navigation deviceprovides, to the user, electronic navigation to the destination location104. Providing electronic navigation may include identifying a route tothe destination 104 and providing directions to the user to enable theuser to follow the route. For example, the navigation device may alertthe user when a change in direction is approaching (e.g., turn left ontoFirst Street in a quarter mile). In this example, the electronicnavigation device may provide turn-by-turn visual and voice guidance.

The electronic navigation device may track a current position of theelectronic navigation device (e.g., using GPS technology) and determinewhether the user is following the identified route or diverging from theidentified route. When the user is following the identified route, theelectronic navigation device maintains the identified route andcontinues to provide, to the user, directions along the identifiedroute. When the user diverges from the identified route, the electronicnavigation device may re-route the user back to the identified route oridentify an alternative route to the destination 104 based on thecurrent position of the navigation device.

The route (or any re-routing) identified by the navigation device may beidentified based on routing settings of the navigation device. Forinstance, the routing settings may define a transport mode (e.g., car oron foot), route selection settings (e.g., minimize distance or minimizetime), avoid highways, prefer highways, avoid tunnels, avoid ferries,and avoid toll roads (the final five settings may be yes/no options).The navigation device may identify available roads/direction of travelbased on the routing settings (e.g., some roads may only be available tocars or some roads may be one-way for cars, but not for people on foot).The navigation device also may identify which roads to use in a routebased on the routing settings (e.g., roads that minimize distance to thedestination may be identified when a minimize distance setting is chosenor highways may not be included in the route when an avoid highwayssetting is chosen).

As shown in FIG. 1, the navigation device is providing electronicnavigation to the destination 104. Based on the origin location 102and/or the current position 106 of the navigation device, the navigationdevice identifies a route to the destination 104 that includes the road108 and the road 110. The navigation device identifies the route as theroad 108 and the road 110 based on current routing settings of thenavigation device. For instance, the current routing settings of thenavigation device may indicate that distance should be minimized and theroute including the road 108 and the road 110 may minimize distance tothe destination 104.

In another example, the current routing settings of the navigationdevice may indicate that time should be minimized and highways should beavoided. In this example, the route including the road 108 and the road110 may be a route to the destination 104 that minimizes time for routesthat do not include highways (e.g., other routes may be faster, butinclude highways). The thicker line roads shown in mapping display area101 may be the highways included in the mapping display area 101.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the navigation device may determine thatthe primary component of the identified route is the road 110. A primarycomponent of a route may be one or more roads that represent asubstantial portion of a route (e.g., more than a threshold portion ofthe route). A primary component may or may not represent a majority of aroute to the destination.

Based on identification of the route including the road 108 and the road110 as being the preferred route to the destination based on currentrouting settings, the navigation device provides electronic navigationto the user along the route to the destination. For instance, thenavigation device may provide a direction list to the user that includesthe road 108 and the road 110 and may provide turn-by-turn navigationalong the route (e.g., the navigation device may instruct the user toturn left at road 110 when the current position of the navigation deviceapproaches road 110).

Referring to FIG. 2, a user interface 200 illustrates the mappingdisplay area 101 at a time subsequent to a time when the user interface100 was shown. In the user interface 200, the current position indicator106 shows the current position of the navigation device as being on theroad 108 between the road 110 and the road 212. As shown, the user hastraveled past the road 110 and, thereby, diverged from the primarycomponent of the preferred route to the destination 104. The user mayhave intentionally avoided the road 110 (e.g., the user may have ignoreddirections to turn left on the road 110) or may have accidentally missedthe road 110.

Based on the user diverging from the primary component of the preferredroute to the destination 104, the navigation device re-routes the userto the primary component of the preferred route to the destination 104.For instance, the navigation device identifies a route that includes theroad 212 and the road 214 as being the preferred route to return to theprimary component (e.g., the road 110). The navigation device alsotracks the divergence as the first instance of the user avoiding theprimary component (e.g., the road 110) of the route to the destination104 preferred under current routing settings. Because only a firstinstance of the user avoiding the primary component is less than athreshold level of avoidance, the navigation device re-routes to theuser to the primary component of the preferred route to the destination104 and maintains current routing settings.

Referring to FIG. 3, a user interface 300 illustrates the mappingdisplay area 101 at a time subsequent to a time when the user interface200 was shown. In the user interface 300, the current position indicator106 shows the current position of the navigation device as being on theroad 108 between the road 212 and the road 316. As shown, the user hastraveled past the road 212 and, thereby, diverged from the re-routingpath to the primary component (e.g., the road 110) of the preferredroute to the destination 104. The user may have intentionally avoidedthe road 212 (e.g., the user may have ignored directions to turn left onthe road 212) or may have accidentally missed the road 212.

Based on the user further diverging from the primary component of thepreferred route to the destination 104, the navigation device re-routesthe user to the primary component of the preferred route to thedestination 104. For instance, the navigation device identifies a routethat includes the road 316 and the road 214 as being the preferred routeto return to the primary component. The navigation device also tracksthe divergence as the second instance of the user avoiding the primarycomponent (e.g., the road 110) of the route to the destination 104preferred under current routing settings. Because only two instances ofthe user avoiding the primary component is less than a threshold levelof avoidance, the navigation device re-routes to the user to the primarycomponent of the preferred route to the destination 104 and maintainscurrent routing settings.

Referring to FIG. 4, a user interface 400 illustrates the mappingdisplay area 101 at a time subsequent to a time when the user interface300 was shown. In the user interface 400, the current position indicator106 shows the current position of the navigation device as being on theroad 316 between the road 214 and the road 418. As shown, the user hastraveled past the road 214 and, thereby, diverged from the re-routingpath to the primary component of the preferred route to the destination104. The user may have intentionally avoided the road 214 (e.g., theuser may have ignored directions to turn left on the road 214) or mayhave accidentally missed the road 214.

Based on the user further diverging from the primary component of thepreferred route to the destination 104, the navigation device tracks thedivergence as the third instance of the user avoiding the primarycomponent (e.g., the road 110) of the route to the destination 104preferred under current routing settings. In response to identifying thecurrent divergence from the primary component of the preferred route tothe destination 104 as being the third instance of divergence, thenavigation device automatically, without user intervention, determinesthat the user appears to be avoiding the primary component (e.g., theroad 110) of the route to the destination 104 preferred under currentrouting settings. Based on the determination that the user appears to beavoiding the primary component (e.g., the road 110) of the route to thedestination 104 preferred under current routing settings, the navigationdevice automatically, without human intervention, identifies analternative route to the destination without re-routing to the primarycomponent (e.g., the road 110) despite the primary component (e.g., theroad 110) remaining a part of the route to the destination 104 preferredunder current routing settings.

For instance, as shown in FIG. 4, the navigation device automatically,without human intervention, identifies a route that includes the road316 and the road 422 as the preferred alternative route to thedestination 104. The navigation device identifies the route thatincludes the road 316 and the road 422 as being, under the currentrouting settings, the preferred route to the destination 104 that doesnot include the primary component (e.g., the road 110) the navigationdevice has determined the user is avoiding.

The route that includes the road 316 and the road 422 is identified asbeing preferred despite other routes existing that include the primarycomponent (e.g., the road 110) that would otherwise be preferred undercurrent routing settings. For example, the current routing settings mayindicate a preference to minimize distance and avoid highways ifpossible. In this example, a route that re-routes the navigation deviceto the road 110 using the road 418 may be preferred to the route thatincludes the road 316 and the road 422. However, the route that includesthe road 316 and the road 422 may be selected by the navigation devicebecause that route does not include the primary component (e.g., theroad 110) the user appears to be avoiding and the navigation deviceavoids the road 110 in identifying the alternative route based on thedetermination that the user appears to be avoiding the road 110.

In another example, the current routing settings may indicate apreference to minimize time. In this example, a route that re-routes thenavigation device to the road 110 using the road 420 may be preferred tothe route that includes the road 316 and the road 422. However, theroute that includes the road 316 and the road 422 may be selected by thenavigation device because that route does not include the primarycomponent (e.g., the road 110) the user appears to be avoiding and thenavigation device avoids the road 110 in identifying the alternativeroute based on the determination that the user appears to be avoidingthe road 110.

The user interface 400 also includes a notification message thatindicates that the prior route is being automatically changed and thatindicates that the prior route remains preferred under current routingsettings. In some implementations, the notification message may identifythe primary component (e.g., the road 110) of the prior route that thenavigation device determined that the user is avoiding and indicate thatthe automatic change in the route is based on the user's avoidance ofthe primary component (e.g., the road 110) of the prior route.

The notification message informs the user of the automatic change inroute and enables the user to determine whether the automatic change inroute is desired. In addition, the user interface 400 includes a userinterface control 424 that enables the user to select to resume theprior route. When the user activates the user interface control 424, thenavigation device changes the preferred route back to the prior routeand overrides the determination that the user is avoiding the primarycomponent of the prior route. In some examples, when the user activatesthe user interface control 424, the navigation device makes the primarycomponent (e.g., the road 110) available for use in identifying apreferred route and identifies the preferred route based on the currentrouting settings and the current position of the navigation device.

The user also may ignore the notification message and allow thealternative route to be chosen as the preferred route. In this regard,the navigation device provides, to the user, electronic navigation alongthe alternative route (e.g., the route that includes the road 316 andthe road 422) to the destination 104.

By automatically, without human intervention, determining that the userappears to be avoiding the prior route and changing the preferred routeto an alternative route that avoids at least a portion of the priorroute, the navigation device may provide electronic navigation to thedestination 104 that is more in line with the user's preferences. Forinstance, an unsophisticated or lazy user may not properly configure therouting settings to the user's actual routing preferences. In thisinstance, because the routing settings may not be aligned with theuser's preferences, the routes identified by the navigation device usingthe routing settings may not actually be preferred by the user. As such,automatically identifying an alternative route when the navigationinfers that the user is avoiding a prior route may better reflect theactual routing preferences of the user.

In addition, automatically, without human intervention, determining thatthe user appears to be avoiding the prior route and changing thepreferred route to an alternative route that avoids at least a portionof the prior route may reduce user annoyance and frustration with thenavigation device. For example, if the navigation device continues toattempt to re-route the user to a route (e.g., primary component of aroute) that the user wishes to avoid, the user may become frustrated andannoyed with the navigation device. By automatically inferring theuser's intent to avoid the route (e.g., primary component of the route)and re-routing the user accordingly, the navigation device may avoid atleast some of the frustration and annoyance of the user and, thereby,enhance the user's experience and satisfaction with the navigationdevice.

Moreover, automatically, without human intervention, determining thatthe user appears to be avoiding the prior route and changing thepreferred route to an alternative route that avoids at least a portionof the prior route may increase the safety of using the navigationdevice. Specifically, because the intent of the user is automaticallyinferred and the route is automatically changed, the navigation devicemay reduce the user's required interactions with the navigation devicein selecting an alternative route. Reducing the user's requiredinteractions with the navigation device may increase the safety of usingthe navigation device by reducing the amount of attention the user paysto the navigation device while driving. In some examples, the user maynot have to provide any user input to the navigation device indetermining that the user wishes to avoid the current route (e.g., theprimary component of the current route) and identifying an alternativeroute.

In some implementations, although the navigation device mayautomatically change the current, preferred route to an alternativeroute that avoids at least a portion of the current route in response todetermining that the user appears to be avoiding the current route(e.g., the primary component of the current route), the navigationdevice may automatically, without human intervention, suggest that thecurrent route (e.g., the primary component of the current route) bechanged. For instance, the navigation device may display, on aninterface of a display of the navigation device, a message suggesting achange in the current route and request user input from the userregarding whether the user wishes to change the current route. Thenavigation device may audibly alert the user that the message suggestingthe change has been displayed on may audibly make the suggestion to theuser instead of (or in addition to) displaying the message suggestingthe change.

Referring to FIG. 5, a user interface includes a suggestion message 510that includes a suggestion portion 520 and an informational portion 525.The suggestion portion 520 indicates that the navigation device hasdetermined that the user appears to be avoiding a primary component ofthe currently-selected route to the destination 104 and asks the userwhether the user would like to find an alternative primary component ofa route to the destination 104. The informational portion 525 provides amessage to the user indicating that the primary component of thecurrently-selected route remains preferred under current guidance orrouting settings. The informational portion 525 may inform the user'sdecision regarding whether to find an alternative route that includes adifferent primary component. The navigation device may automatically,without human intervention, display the suggestion message 510 inresponse to a determination that the user appears to be avoiding theprimary component of the currently-selected route to the destination104.

The suggestion message 510 also includes a “yes” user input control 530and a “no” user input control 540. The “yes” user input control 530 maybe configured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, initiate a process that causes the navigation device toidentify a route to the destination 104 that includes an alternativeprimary component and provide electronic navigation to the destination104 along the route that includes the alternative primary component. The“no” user input control 540 may be configured to receive user input froma user and, in response to user selection, close the suggestion message510 and cause the navigation device to maintain the currently-selectedroute as the preferred route to the destination 104 and continueproviding electronic navigation along the currently-selected route.

The suggestion message 510 also includes a “list” user input control550. The “list” user input control 550 may be configured to receive userinput from a user and, in response to user selection, cause thenavigation device to display a list of alternative routes (oralternative primary components) to the destination 104. For example, inresponse to user selection of the “list” user input control 550, thenavigation device may display a list of other potential primarycomponents of routes to the destination 104. In this example, theprimary components of routes displayed in the list may be selectable bythe user and, when the user selects a primary component included in thelist, the navigation device identifies a route to the destination 104that includes the selected primary component and provides electronicnavigation to the destination 104 along the route that includes theselected primary component.

FIG. 6 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 610 that thenavigation device may automatically, without human intervention, displayin response to a determination that the user appears to be avoiding theprimary component of the currently-selected route to the destination104. The suggestion message 610 includes a suggestion portion 620 and aninformational portion 625. The suggestion portion 620 indicates that thenavigation device has determined that the user appears to be avoidingthe road 110 as a primary component of the currently-selected route tothe destination 104 and asks the user whether the user would like toavoid the road 110 in finding an alternative route to the destination104.

By specifically identifying the road 110 as the primary component of aroute the user appears to be avoiding, the suggestion message 610 mayinform the decision of the user and allow the user to more accuratelyexpress the user's intention. For instance, although the user may beavoiding a portion of the currently-selected route, the portion beingavoided by the user may not be the road 110. Accordingly, the user maynot wish to avoid the road 110, but rather avoid another portion of thecurrently-selected route. The navigation device may enable the user toidentify the portion of the route the user is avoiding and may display alist of portions of the currently-selected route and request that theuser identify the portion of the currently-selected route that the useris avoiding (or wishes to avoid in identifying an alternative route tothe destination 104).

The informational portion 625 provides a message to the user indicatingthat the road 110 remains a primary component of the route preferredunder current guidance or routing settings. The informational portion625 may inform the user's decision regarding whether to find analternative route that avoids the road 110.

The suggestion message 610 also includes a “yes” user input control 630and a “no” user input control 640. The “yes” user input control 630 maybe configured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, initiate a process that causes the navigation device toidentify a route to the destination 104 that avoids the road 110 andprovide electronic navigation to the destination 104 along the routethat avoids the road 110. The “no” user input control 640 may beconfigured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, close the suggestion message 610 and cause the navigationdevice to maintain the currently-selected route as the preferred routeto the destination 104 and continue providing electronic navigationalong the currently-selected route.

FIG. 7 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 710 that thenavigation device may automatically, without human intervention, displayin response to a determination that the user appears to be avoiding theprimary component of the currently-selected route to the destination104. In this example, in addition to determining that the user appearsto be avoiding the primary component of the currently-selected route tothe destination 104, the navigation device also attempts to determinethe primary component the user appears to be following to thedestination 104. The navigation device may determine the primarycomponent the user appears to be following to the destination 104 bycomparing the path the user has taken in traveling to the destination104 to the possible routes to the destination 104 other than thecurrently-selected route. Based on the comparison, the navigation deviceidentifies the route that most closely matches the path the user hastaken in traveling to the destination 104.

The suggestion message 710 includes a suggestion portion 720 and aninformational portion 725. The suggestion portion 720 identifies theprimary component that the navigation device determined the user appearsto be following to the destination 104 and allows the user to selectthat primary component to use in identifying a route to the destination104. For instance, the suggestion portion 720 indicates that thenavigation device has determined that the user appears to prefer theroad 316 to the road 110 as a primary component of a route to thedestination 104 and asks the user whether the user would like to use theroad 316 as a primary component to the destination 104. Inimplementations in which the navigation device automatically, withoutuser intervention, changes the route to the destination, the navigationdevice may account for a determination of the route the user appears tobe following to the destination 104 (e.g., using or applying a higherweight to the route the user appears to be following to the destination104).

The informational portion 725 provides a message to the user indicatingthat the road 110 remains preferred to the road 316 as a primarycomponent of a route to the destination under current guidance orrouting settings. The informational portion 725 may inform the user'sdecision regarding whether to use the road 316 as opposed to the road110 in identifying a route to the destination 104.

The suggestion message 710 also includes a “yes” user input control 730and a “no” user input control 740. The “yes” user input control 730 maybe configured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, initiate a process that causes the navigation device toidentify a route to the destination 104 that uses the road 316 andprovide electronic navigation to the destination 104 along the routethat uses the road 316. The “no” user input control 740 may beconfigured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, close the suggestion message 710 and cause the navigationdevice to maintain the currently-selected route as the preferred routeto the destination 104 and continue providing electronic navigationalong the currently-selected route.

The user interfaces shown in FIGS. 5-7 may be displayed in any varietyof combinations. For instance, all three of the interfaces may bedisplayed together or the user interface 500 may be displayed first andone or both of the user interfaces 600 and 700 may be displayed when theuser selects the “yes” user input control 530. Some implementations mayinclude other variations.

In some implementations, the navigation device may, alternatively oradditionally, automatically, without human intervention, suggest thatthe current routing settings be changed. For instance, the navigationdevice may display, on an interface of a display of the navigationdevice, a message suggesting a change in the current routing settingsand request user input from the user regarding whether the user wishesto change the current routing settings. The navigation device mayaudibly alert the user that the message suggesting the change has beendisplayed on may audibly make the suggestion to the user instead of (orin addition to) displaying the message suggesting the change.

Referring to FIG. 8, a user interface includes a suggestion message 810that includes a suggestion portion 820 that indicates that thenavigation device has determined that the user appears to be avoiding aprimary component of a route to the destination 104 preferred undercurrent guidance or routing settings and asks the user whether the userwould like to change the current guidance or routing settings. Becausethe user is not following the route preferred under the current guidanceor routing settings, the suggestion portion 820 enables the user toconsider whether a change in guidance or routing settings is needed tobetter reflect the user's routing preferences.

The suggestion message 810 also includes a list of guidance or routingsetting options. The list of guidance or routing setting options mayinclude only those settings for which a change would result in apreferred route to the destination being different than thecurrently-selected route. For instance, the navigation device mayanalyze the possible guidance or routing settings, identify a preferredroute for each combination of guidance or routing settings (includingchanges), identify guidance or routings settings for which a changeresults in a route that is different than the currently-selected route,and display only the identified guidance or routing settings for userselection. The suggestion message 810 further includes a messageindicating that the navigation device has listed only those settingswhose change would result in an alternative route being preferred.

The suggestion message 810 may include one or more user input controlsthat enable a change of a setting for each setting included in the listof guidance or routing setting options. For instance, the suggestionmessage 810 may include a user interface control 830 associated with therouting setting “minimize distance rather than time.” User selection ofthe user interface control 830 may initiate a process that changes thecurrent routing setting of “minimize distance rather than time” to therouting setting of “minimize time rather than distance.” In response tothe change in the routing setting from “minimize distance rather thantime” to “minimize time rather than distance,” the navigation deviceidentifies a new preferred route using the changed routing settings andautomatically, without human intervention, changes the route to thedestination 104 to the new preferred route and provides electronicnavigation along the new preferred route. In the example shown in FIGS.1-4, the route that includes the road 110, which may minimize distance,may be changed to the route that includes the road 420 and the road 110,which may minimize time.

The suggestion message 810 also may include a user interface control 840associated with the routing setting “avoid highways.” User selection ofthe user interface control 830 may initiate a process that changes thecurrent routing setting of “avoid highways” from a setting of “yes” to asetting of “no.” In response to the change in the “avoid highways”routing setting from “yes” to “no,” the navigation device identifies anew preferred route using the changed routing settings andautomatically, without human intervention, changes the route to thedestination 104 to the new preferred route and provides electronicnavigation along the new preferred route. In the example shown in FIGS.1-4, the route that includes the road 110, which may avoid highways, maybe changed to the route that includes the road 316 and the road 422,which includes highways, based on the change in the “avoid highways”routing setting from “yes” to “no.”

In some implementations, the suggestion message 810 enables a user toselect the value in changing a guidance or routing setting. Thesuggestion message 810 also may enable a user to change multipleguidance or routing settings.

The suggestion message 810 may include a list user input control 850 anda cancel user input control 860. The list user input control 850 may beconfigured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, cause the navigation device to display a list that includesthe other guidance or routing settings that have not been displayed. Thecancel user input control 860 may be configured to receive user inputfrom a user and, in response to user selection, close the suggestionmessage 810 and cause the navigation device to maintain the currentguidance or routing settings.

FIG. 9 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 910 that thenavigation device may automatically, without human intervention, displayin response to a determination that the user appears to be avoiding aprimary component of a route preferred under current guidance or routingsettings. The suggestion message 910 includes a suggestion portion 920that indicates that the navigation device has determined that the userappears to be avoiding a route that minimizes distance and asks the userwhether the user would like to change the routing settings fromminimizing distance to minimizing time.

By specifically identifying the routing setting the user appears to beavoiding, the suggestion message 910 may inform the decision of the userof whether to change routing settings and allow the user to moreaccurately express the user's intention. For instance, although the usermay be avoiding a particular setting that led to selection of thecurrently-selected route, the routing setting being avoided by the usermay not be the “minimize distance” setting. Accordingly, the user maynot wish to change the routing setting of minimizing distance, butrather change another routing setting that led to selection of thecurrently-selected route. The navigation device may enable the user toidentify the routing setting the user is avoiding and may display a listof routing settings and request that the user identify the routingsetting the user is avoiding (or wishes to change in identifying analternative route to the destination 104).

The suggestion message 910 also includes a “yes” user input control 930and a “no” user input control 940. The “yes” user input control 930 maybe configured to receive user input from a user and, in response to userselection, initiate a process that causes the navigation device tochange the routing settings from minimizing distance to minimizing time.In response to the routing settings change, the navigation device mayidentify a new route to the destination 104 using the changed routingsettings and provide electronic navigation to the destination 104 alongthe new route. The “no” user input control 940 may be configured toreceive user input from a user and, in response to user selection, closethe suggestion message 910 and cause the navigation device to maintainthe current routing settings and continue providing electronicnavigation along the currently-selected route.

FIG. 10 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 1010 thatthe navigation device may automatically, without human intervention,display in response to a determination that the user appears to beavoiding a primary component of a route preferred under current guidanceor routing settings. In this example, in addition to determining thatthe user appears to be avoiding a routing setting that led to thecurrently-selected route to the destination 104, the navigation devicealso attempts to determine a routing setting the user appears to preferin finding a route to the destination 104. The navigation device maydetermine the routing setting the user appears to prefer by identifyingcharacteristics of the path the user has taken in traveling to thedestination 104. The navigation device further may compare thecharacteristics of the path the user has taken in traveling to thedestination 104 to characteristics of the currently-selected route and,based on the comparison, identify characteristics that differ andsuggest a change in routing settings related to the characteristics thatdiffer.

The suggestion message 1010 includes a suggestion portion 1020 thatidentifies the routing setting that the navigation device determined theuser appears prefer and allows the user to select that routing settingto use in identifying a route to the destination 104. For instance, thesuggestion portion 1020 indicates that the navigation device hasdetermined that the user appears to prefer a routing setting thatmaximizes highways as opposed to the current routing setting to avoidhighways and asks the user whether the user would like to use therouting setting that maximizes highways.

The suggestion message 1010 also includes a “yes” user input control1030 and a “no” user input control 1040. The “yes” user input control1030 may be configured to receive user input from a user and, inresponse to user selection, initiate a process that causes thenavigation device to change the routing settings from avoiding highwaysto maximizing highways. In response to the routing settings change, thenavigation device may identify a new route to the destination 104 usingthe changed routing settings and provide electronic navigation to thedestination 104 along the new route. The “no” user input control 1040may be configured to receive user input from a user and, in response touser selection, close the suggestion message 1010 and cause thenavigation device to maintain the currently-selected route as thepreferred route to the destination 104 and continue providing electronicnavigation along the currently-selected route.

The user interfaces shown in FIGS. 8-10 may be displayed in any varietyof combinations. For instance, all three of the interfaces may bedisplayed together. Some implementations may include other variations.

In addition, in some examples, routing settings may be changed by thenavigation device automatically, without human intervention. Forinstance, instead of displaying a suggestion message suggesting a changein routing settings, the navigation device may automatically make thechange in routing settings and provide the user with a notificationmessage indicating that the change has been made.

By suggesting a change in routing settings (or automatically changingrouting settings), the navigation device may provide electronicnavigation to the destination 104 that is more in line with the user'spreferences. For example, an unsophisticated or lazy user may notproperly configure the routing settings to the user's actual routingpreferences. In this example, by suggesting a change in routing settings(or automatically changing routing settings), the navigation device mayassist an unsophisticated or lazy user in obtaining routing settingsthat reflect the user's actual routing preferences. In obtaining routingsettings that reflect the user's actual routing preferences, a preferredroute to the destination 104 may be identified and identification offuture routes to future destinations may be enhanced.

Referring to FIG. 11, a block diagram of an electronic navigation system1100 is shown. The system 1100 includes an electronic navigation device1105, a network 1180, and a navigation host 1190. The network 1180enables the electronic navigation device 1105 and the navigation host1190 to exchange electronic communications.

The electronic navigation device 1105 includes an input module 1110, adata store 1120, mapping and routing data 1130, a processor 1140, aninput/output (I/O) device 1150, a position detector 1160, and a memory1170. The electronic navigation device 1105 may be used to provideelectronic navigation operations to a user. The electronic navigationdevice 1105 may be a portable standalone device or may be attached to amobile vehicle (e.g., an automobile, a boat, etc.). The electronicnavigation device 1105 may be implemented within hardware or acombination of hardware and software.

The input module 1110 imports data associated with electronicnavigation. The data may include data resulting from a mapping ornavigation process. The data also may include data related to routingsettings that are used in identifying preferred routes to destinations.The input module 1110 may input data from a device (e.g., the navigationhost 1190) connected to the network 1180. In some implementations, theinput module 1110 reformats and/or transforms the data such that thedata may be processed and stored by other components within theelectronic navigation device 1105.

The electronic navigation device 1105 also includes a data store 1120.In some implementations, data from the input module 1110 is stored inthe data store 1120. The data store 1120 may be, for example, a databasethat logically organizes data into a series of database tables. The datastore 1120 may be a hard disk drive, non-volatile memory (e.g., Flashmemory), or another type of electronic storage device.

The electronic navigation device 1105 also includes mapping and routingdata 1130. The mapping and routing data 1130 may include cartographicdata that the electronic navigation device uses to identify routes todestinations and provide electronic navigation to the destinations. Themapping and routing data 1130 also may include routing settings thatrepresent a user's routing preferences and that are used by theelectronic navigation device 1105 to identify a preferred route to adestination. The data 1130 further may include point of interestinformation that is used in performing a search for a type of point ofinterest. In some implementations, the mapping and routing data 1130 maybe received, by the electronic navigation device 1105, from thenavigation host 1190.

The electronic navigation device 1105 also includes a processor 1140.The processor 1140 may be a processor suitable for the execution of acomputer program such as a general or special purpose microprocessor,and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer.Generally, a processor receives instructions and data from a read-onlymemory or a random access memory or both. The processor 1140 receivesinstructions and data from the components of the electronic navigationdevice 1105 to, for example, identify preferred routes to destinationsand provide electronic navigation to the destinations. In someimplementations, the electronic navigation device 1105 includes morethan one processor.

The electronic navigation device 1105 also includes the I/O device 1150,which is configured to allow a user selection. For example, the I/Odevice 1150 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a stylus, a touch screen, atrack ball, a toggle control, one or more user input buttons, amicrophone, or any other device that allows a user to input data intothe electronic navigation device 1105 or otherwise communicate with theelectronic navigation device 1105. In some implementations, the user maybe a machine and the user input may be received from an automatedprocess running on the machine. In other implementations, the user maybe a person.

The I/O device 1150 also may include a device configured to outputmapping and electronic navigation data. For instance, the I/O device1150 may include a display device configured to display graphical userinterfaces (e.g., the user interfaces shown in FIGS. 1-10 and 16-23)that enable a user to perceive electronic navigation directions/mappinginformation and enable a user to interact with the electronic navigationdevice 1105. The I/O device 1150 also may include a speaker configuredto provide audible output related to electronic navigationdirections/mapping information (e.g., audible directions).

The electronic navigation device 1105 also includes the positiondetector 1160. The position detector 1160 may be any type of electronicdevice configured to detect a position of the electronic navigationdevice 1105. The position detector 1160 may include an accelerometer ora camera configured to detect a position of the electronic navigationdevice 1105. The detected position may be used as input data inproviding navigation using the navigation device 1150.

The position detector 1160 may be a global positioning system (“GPS”)receiver that calculates its position by timing signals sent by GPSsatellites orbiting above the Earth. In some examples, each satellitecontinually transmits messages including the time the message was sent,a precise orbit for the satellite sending the message (the ephemeris),and the general system health and rough orbits of all GPS satellites(the almanac). These signals travel at the speed of light (which variesbetween vacuum and the atmosphere). The GPS receiver uses the arrivaltime of each message to measure the distance to each satellite, fromwhich it determines the position of the receiver (conceptually theintersection of spheres). The resulting coordinates are converted tomore user-friendly forms such as latitude and longitude or location on amap.

The electronic navigation device 1105 also includes a memory 1170. Thememory 1170 may be any type of tangible machine-readable storage medium.The memory 1170 may, for example, store the data included in the datastore 1120. In some implementations, the memory 1170 may storeinstructions that, when executed, cause the electronic navigation device1105 to, for example, identify preferred routes to destinations andprovide electronic navigation to the destinations.

The navigation system also includes a network 1180. The network 1180 isconfigured to enable exchange of electronic communications betweendevices connected to the network 1180. For example, the network 1180 maybe configured to enable exchange of electronic communications betweenthe navigation device 1105 and the navigation host 1190. The network1180 may include, for example, one or more of the Internet, Wide AreaNetworks (WANs), Local Area Networks (LANs), analog or digital wired andwireless telephone networks (e.g., a PSTN, Integrated Services DigitalNetwork (ISDN), a cellular network, and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)),radio, television, cable, satellite, or any other delivery or tunnelingmechanism for carrying data. Network 1180 may include multiple networksor subnetworks, each of which may include, for example, a wired orwireless data pathway. The network 1180 may include a circuit-switchednetwork, a packet-switched data network, or any other network able tocarry electronic communications. For example, the network 1180 mayinclude networks based on the Internet protocol (IP) or asynchronoustransfer mode (ATM).

The navigation host 1190 is an electronic device configured to executeprograms and exchange communications with the navigation device 1105(e.g., multiple navigation devices) over the network 1180. For example,the navigation host 1190 may be configured to execute a program thatperforms navigation, mapping, routing, and searching operations. In thisexample, the navigation host 1190 may exchange communications with thenavigation device 1105 to receive input associated with navigation androuting and provide output to the navigation device 1105 based on theinput associated with navigation and routing.

The navigation host 1190 also may be configured to perform otherprocesses associated with navigation, routing, and mapping processes.For example, the navigation host 1190 may be configured to performauthentication of users of the navigation system 1100 and control accessprivileges for users. The navigation host 1190 may authenticate userswho access the navigation host 1190 using the navigation device 1105.The navigation host 1190 may authenticate users based on a user name andpassword entered by the user or other authentication techniques such asdigital signatures or certificates. The navigation host 1190 may controlthe data a particular user may access, the data the particular user mayinput and the functions the particular user may execute based onauthentication and access privileges associated with the particularuser.

Although the example electronic navigation device 1105 is shown as asingle integrated component, one or more of the modules and applicationsincluded in the electronic navigation device 1105 may be implementedseparately from the device 1105 but in communication with the device1105. For example, the data store 1120 may be implemented on acentralized server that communicates and exchanges data with theelectronic navigation device 1105. In this example, the navigation host1190 may communicate with the electronic navigation device 1105 andperform operations described above as being performed by the electronicnavigation device 1105 or may perform operations that assist in theelectronic navigation device 1105 performing operations described above.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a process 1200 for controlling anavigation device. The operations of the process 1200 are describedgenerally as being performed by the navigation system 1100. Theoperations of the process 1200 may be performed exclusively by theelectronic navigation device 1105, may be performed exclusively by thenavigation host 1190, or may be performed by a combination of theelectronic navigation device 1105 and the navigation host 1190. In someimplementations, operations of the process 1200 may be performed by oneor more processors included in one or more electronic devices.

The navigation system 1100 identifies a first route to a destinationthat includes a first primary component (1210). For instance, thenavigation system 1100 may receive user identifying a location to whicha user wishes to travel. In response to the user input, the navigationsystem 1100 may determine the current position of the user's navigationdevice, access routing and mapping data, and identify a route to thedestination based on current routing settings/preferences of the user.The first primary component of the first route may be one or more roadsthat represent a substantial portion of the first route (e.g., more thana threshold portion of the route). In one example, the first primarycomponent may be a road that represents the largest portion of the firstroute to the destination.

The navigation system 1100 provides, to a user using an electronicnavigation device, electronic navigation along the first route to thedestination (1220). For example, the navigation system 1100 may provideturn-by-turn directions to the user to enable the user to follow thefirst route to the destination. In this example, the navigation system1100 may output turn-by-turn directions to the user visually using adisplay device and/or audibly using a speaker.

Providing electronic navigation may include re-routing the user to thefirst primary component based on the user diverging from the first routeand the first primary component remaining a part of a preferred route tothe destination according to routing settings at the time of there-routing. For instance, the navigation system 1100 may track theposition of the navigation device and determine whether the user hasdiverged from the first route. When the navigation system 1100determines that the user has diverged from the first route, thenavigation system 1100 may determine whether the first route remainspreferred according to current routing settings and/or whether the firstprimary component remains a part of a preferred route to the destinationaccording to current routing settings. When the first route/firstprimary component remains preferred, the navigation system 1100 mayidentify a route between the current position of the navigation deviceand the first primary component and use the navigation device to provideelectronic navigation along the route between the current position ofthe navigation device and the first primary component to re-route theuser to the first primary component. As discussed throughout thedisclosure, a decision to re-route the user to the first primarycomponent may be overridden by a determination that the user appears tobe avoiding the first primary component.

The navigation system 1100 monitors whether the user is followingdirections to the first primary component in reaching the destination(1230). For instance, the navigation system 1100 may track the positionof the navigation device and determine whether the user has divergedfrom the first primary component or diverged from a path that leads tothe first primary component. The navigation system 1100 may track whenthe user diverges from the first primary component or from a path thatleads to the first primary component. The navigation system 1100 alsomay track and identify instances in which the user has not followed adirection provided by the electronic navigation device in reaching thedestination using the first primary component. In some examples, thenavigation system 1100 may store, in electronic storage, tracking datathat reflects user avoidance of the first primary component.

The navigation system 1100 computes a metric that measures the user'savoidance of the first primary component in reaching the destination(1240). The navigation system 1100 may compute a metric that measuresthe user's avoidance of the first primary component based on themonitoring of whether the user is following directions to the firstprimary component in reaching the destination (e.g., based on trackingdata that reflects user avoidance of the first primary component storedin electronic storage). The metric may measure the number of times theuser has not followed a direction provided by the electronic navigationdevice in reaching the destination using the first primary component andmay account for other characteristics of a user diverging from the firstprimary component or a path that leads to the first primary component.For example, computing the metric that measures the user's avoidance ofthe first primary component in reaching the destination may useapproaches described below with respect to FIGS. 13 and 14.

The navigation system 1100 determines whether the user appears to beavoiding the first primary component in reaching the destination (1250).For instance, the navigation system automatically, without userintervention, determines whether the user appears to be avoiding thefirst primary component in reaching the destination based on thecomputed metric that measures the user's avoidance of the first primarycomponent in reaching the destination. The navigation system 1100 maycompare the computed metric to a threshold level of avoidance and, basedon the comparison, determine whether the level of avoidance measured bythe computed metric exceeds the threshold level of avoidance. When thelevel of avoidance measured by the computed metric exceeds the thresholdlevel of avoidance, the navigation system 1100 determines that the userappears to be avoiding the first primary component in reaching thedestination. When the level of avoidance measured by the computed metricis less than the threshold level of avoidance, the navigation system1100 determines that the user does not appear to be avoiding the firstprimary component in reaching the destination (e.g., the user's level ofavoidance of the first primary component is not large enough todetermine that the user is avoiding the first primary component).

In response to a determination that the user appears to be avoiding thefirst primary component in reaching the destination, the navigationsystem 1100 performs an operation directed to using a second primarycomponent in identifying a second route to the destination (1260). Forexample, the navigation system 1100 automatically, without userintervention, controls the electronic navigation device to perform anoperation directed to using a second primary component in identifying asecond route to the destination. In this example, the navigation system1100 controls the electronic navigation device to perform an operationdirected to using a second primary component in identifying a secondroute to the destination despite the first primary component remaining apart of a preferred route to the destination according to routingsettings at the time of the controlling.

In some implementations, the navigation system 1100 determines that thefirst primary component remains a part of a preferred route to thedestination according to routing settings at the time of thecontrolling, and overrides the determination that the first primarycomponent remains a part of a preferred route to the destination basedon the determination that the user appears to be avoiding the firstprimary component in reaching the destination. In these implementations,the navigation system 1100 may override a decision to re-route the userto the first primary component and, instead, perform an operationdirected to using a second primary component that is different than thefirst primary component in identifying a second route to thedestination.

The navigation system 1100 may perform an operation directed to using asecond primary component in identifying a second route to thedestination by using any of the techniques (or combinations of thetechniques) described above with respect to FIGS. 1-10. For example, thenavigation system 1100 may automatically, without user intervention,identify a second route to the destination that includes a secondprimary component that is different than the first primary component andintentionally avoids the first primary component. In this example, thenavigation system 1100 may automatically, without user invention, changethe current route to the second route that includes the second primarycomponent when providing electronic navigation to the destination. Thechange may occur despite the first primary component remaining a part ofa preferred route to the destination according to current routingsettings.

In some examples, in response to automatically, without user invention,changing to the second route that includes the second primary componentwhen providing electronic navigation to the destination, the navigationsystem 1100 may display (or otherwise output) a notification messagethat indicates that a prior route has been automatically changed basedon the user's avoidance of the prior route. The notification message mayfurther indicate that the prior route remains a preferred route to thedestination according to current routing settings. The navigation system1100 may enable the user to switch back to the prior route based on theuser perceiving the notification message.

In some implementations, the navigation system 1100 displays (orotherwise outputs) a suggestion message that suggests identifying analternative route to the destination that uses an alternative primarycomponent in reaching the destination. The navigation system 1100 maydisplay, concurrently with or subsequent to the suggestion message, oneor more user interface controls that enable the user to either controlthe electronic navigation device to pursue an alternative route to thedestination that uses an alternative primary component in reaching thedestination or control the electronic navigation device to maintain aroute to the destination that uses the first primary component inreaching the destination. The suggestion message may further include aportion indicating that a current route to the destination that uses thefirst primary component in reaching the destination is preferred to thealternative route according to the current routing settings.

In further implementations, the navigation system 1100 displays (orotherwise outputs) a suggestion message that indicates that the userappears to be avoiding the first primary component and that suggestsavoiding the first primary component in identifying an alternative routeto the destination that uses an alternative primary component. Thenavigation system 1100 may display, concurrently with or subsequent tothe suggestion message, one or more user interface controls that enablethe user to either control the electronic navigation device to pursue analternative route that avoids the first primary component or control theelectronic navigation device to maintain a route to the destination thatuses the first primary component in reaching the destination.

The navigation system 1100 also may identify a second route to thedestination that uses a second primary component in reaching thedestination based on routes the user is following in avoiding the firstprimary component in reaching the destination. For instance, thenavigation system may compare the routes the user is following inavoiding the first primary component to other potential primarycomponents of routes to the destination and, based on the comparison,identify one of the other potential primary components the user appearsto be following. When the navigation system 1100 identifies a secondprimary component that the user appears to be following, the navigationsystem 1100 may display a suggestion message that indicates that theuser appears to prefer the second primary component to the first primarycomponent in reaching the destination and that suggests using the secondroute to the destination that uses the second primary component inreaching the destination. The navigation system 1100 may display,concurrently with or subsequent to the suggestion message, one or moreuser interface controls that enable the user to either control theelectronic navigation device to pursue the second route that uses thesecond primary component in reaching the destination or control theelectronic navigation device to maintain a route to the destination thatuses the first primary component in reaching the destination.

The navigation system 1100 further may display a suggestion message thatsuggests a change in the routing settings used in identifying thepreferred route to the destination. The navigation system 1100 maydisplay, concurrently with or subsequent to the suggestion message, oneor more user interface controls that enable the user to change therouting settings used in identifying the preferred route to thedestination. In response to the user determining to change the routingsettings, the navigation system may identify a preferred route to thedestination using the changed routing settings and change the route usedin providing electronic navigation to the destination if appropriate.

In displaying the suggestion message that suggests a change in therouting settings used in identifying the preferred route to thedestination, the navigation system 1100 may analyze the routing settingsto determine whether a change in a particular routing setting results ina different preferred route to the destination that does not include thefirst primary component. For instance, the navigation system 1100 maychange each routing setting (or each value for each routing setting),identify a preferred route to the destination for each changed routingsetting, and determine whether the identified route to the destinationfor each changed routing setting differs from the current routepreferred under the current routing settings. Based on the analysis, thenavigation system 1100 may identify a subset of the routing settings forwhich a change results in a different preferred route to the destinationthat does not include the first primary component, and then display theidentified subset of the routing settings. The navigation system 1100may display only the identified subset of the routing settings for whicha change results in a different preferred route to the destination thatdoes not include the first primary component to enable the user toconsider only those settings that would change the current route theuser appears to be avoiding.

The navigation system 1100 also may analyze characteristics of theroutes the user is following in avoiding the first primary component andidentify a particular routing setting to suggest that the user changes.The navigation system 1100 may identify a particular routing setting tosuggest by comparing the characteristics of the routes the user isactually following and characteristics of the first primary componentand identifying characteristics that differ. The navigation system 1100may identify a routing setting to suggest that the user change based onthe characteristics that differ between the routes the user is actuallyfollowing and the first primary component. For instance, when the firstprimary component includes a highway and routes the user is actuallyfollowing do not include highways, the navigation system 1100 maysuggest changing an “avoid highways” setting from a “no” setting to a“yes” setting.

In some examples, the navigation system 1100 may automatically, withouthuman intervention, change the routing settings of the user and identifyan alternative route using the changed routing settings. In determiningwhich setting to change and how to change the setting, the navigationsystem 1100 may analyze characteristics of routes the user is followingin avoiding the first primary component and select, based on theanalysis, a routing setting that reflects differences in thecharacteristics of the first primary component and the routes the useris actually following. For instance, if the user's routing settingsindicate that highways are to be avoided, the first primary componentdoes not include highways, and the user is following a highway inavoiding the first primary component, the navigation system 1100 mayautomatically, without human intervention, change the routing settingsto indicate that highways should not be avoided or that highways shouldbe preferred.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a process 1300 for determining whethera user appears to be avoiding a road or a route in reaching adestination. The operations of the process 1300 are described generallyas being performed by the navigation system 1100. The operations of theprocess 1300 may be performed exclusively by the electronic navigationdevice 1105, may be performed exclusively by the navigation host 1190,or may be performed by a combination of the electronic navigation device1105 and the navigation host 1190. In some implementations, operationsof the process 1300 may be performed by one or more processors includedin one or more electronic devices.

The navigation system 1100 tracks times in which the user has followed apath other than a path included in directions to the first primarycomponent (1310). For example, the navigation system 1100 monitors theposition of the navigation device, compares the position of thenavigation device to a path that includes the first primary component,and determines whether movement of the navigation device is followingthe path. In this example, the navigation system 1100 may track eachtime the navigation device diverges from the path or does not follow adirection provided by the navigation device. The tracking may includedirections that re-route the user to the first primary component andtracking times in which the user has avoided re-routing directions.

The navigation system 1100 counts a number of times in which the userhas followed a path other than a path included in directions to thefirst primary component (1320). The navigation system 1100 may count thenumber of times in which the user has followed a path other a path thatincludes the first primary component based on the tracking. Forinstance, the navigation system 1100 may increment a counter (orstore/update other data) each time the navigation system 1100 detectsthat the user has followed a path other than a path included indirections to the first primary component (e.g., the user has divergedfrom a path that includes the first primary component or avoided adirection routing the user to the first primary component). The countingmay include directions that re-route the user to the first primarycomponent and the navigation system may count times in which the userhas avoided re-routing directions.

The navigation system 1100 compares the number of times to a thresholdnumber of times (1330). The navigation system 1100 may access athreshold number of times and compare the threshold number of times tothe number of times in which the user has followed a path other than apath included in directions to the first primary component. Thethreshold number of times may be configurable by a user. For instance, afirst user may routinely miss directions provided by the navigationdevice and decide to set the configurable threshold to a relatively highnumber of times. In this regard, the navigation device may not determinethat the first user is avoiding the first primary component until thefirst user has followed a path other than a path included in directionsto the first primary component several times. In another example, asecond user may follow directions provided by the navigation device verywell and decide to set the configurable threshold to a relatively lownumber of times. In this regard, the navigation device may determinethat the second user is avoiding the first primary component once theuser has followed a path other than a path included in directions to thefirst primary component a few times or even a single time.

In some implementations, the navigation system 1100 may automaticallyset the configurable threshold for the user. In these implementations,the navigation system 1100 may monitor how often the user accuratelyfollows directions provided by the navigation device based on the userspast activity. Based on the monitoring, the navigation system 1100 mayassess the user's ability to follow directions and set the configurablethreshold accordingly (e.g., the navigation system 1100 may set theconfigurable threshold relatively low for a user that follows directionswell and the navigation system 1100 may set the configurable thresholdrelatively high for a user that follows directions poorly). Thenavigation system 1100 also may consider other factors in setting theconfigurable threshold such as the number of times a user accepts thenavigation system's 1100 suggestion to identify an alternative route orchange routing settings (e.g., the navigation system 1100 may increasethe threshold when the user declines suggestions frequently or maydecrease the threshold when the user accepts suggestions frequently).

The navigation system 1100 determines whether the number of timesexceeds the threshold number of times (1340). Based on the comparison ofthe threshold number of times to the number of times in which the userhas followed a path other than a path included in directions to thefirst primary component, the navigation system 1100 determines whetherthe number of times exceeds the threshold (or equals the threshold).When the number of times exceeds (or equals) the threshold, thenavigation system 1100 may determine that the user is avoiding the firstprimary component and take action accordingly.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a process 1400 for determining whethera user appears to be avoiding a road or a route in reaching adestination. The operations of the process 1400 are described generallyas being performed by the navigation system 1100. The operations of theprocess 1400 may be performed exclusively by the electronic navigationdevice 1105, may be performed exclusively by the navigation host 1190,or may be performed by a combination of the electronic navigation device1105 and the navigation host 1190. In some implementations, operationsof the process 1400 may be performed by one or more processors includedin one or more electronic devices.

The navigation system 1100 tracks times in which the user has followed apath other than a path included in directions to the first primarycomponent (1410). For example, the navigation system 1100 monitors theposition of the navigation device, compares the position of thenavigation device to a path that includes the first primary component,and determines whether movement of the navigation device is followingthe path. In this example, the navigation system 1100 may track eachtime the navigation device diverges from the path or does not follow adirection provided by the navigation device. The tracking may includedirections that re-route the user to the first primary component andtracking times in which the user has avoided re-routing directions.

The navigation system 1100 determines a variable weighting that reflectsan estimated degree of avoidance of the first primary component by theuser (1420). For instance, rather than merely tracking times in whichthe user has followed a path other than a path included in directions tothe first primary component, the navigation system 1100 assessescircumstances surrounding a time in which the user has followed a pathother than a path included in directions to the first primary componentand assigns a variable weighting to the instance of divergence from thepath. The variable weighting may reflect an estimated degree ofavoidance of the first primary component by the user. The navigationsystem 1100 may determine the variable weighting depending on manycircumstances surrounding the instance of divergence from the path.

For example, the navigation system 1100 may determine whether the pathother than the path included in directions to the first primarycomponent is in a direction toward the first primary component. When thepath is in a direction toward the first primary component, thenavigation system may determine a relatively lower variable weightingbecause the divergence from the path may not indicate that the user isavoiding the first primary component because the user is still travelingin the direction of the first primary component. When the path is in adirection away from the first primary component, the navigation systemmay determine a relatively higher variable weighting because thedivergence from the path may provide a better indication that the useris avoiding the first primary component because the user is travelingaway from the first primary component.

In some implementations, the navigation system 1100 determines an amountof time between when the directions to the first primary component wereprovided and when the user followed the path other than the pathincluded in directions to the first primary component. The navigationsystem 1100 may determine the variable weighting based on the amount oftime between when the directions to the first primary component wereprovided and when the user followed the path other than the pathincluded in directions to the first primary component. For instance, thenavigation system 1100 may determine a relatively higher variableweighting when the amount of time is greater because the divergence isless likely to have been caused by the user failing to perceive thedirections or not having time to react to the directions. Moreover, thenavigation system 1100 may determine a relatively lower variableweighting when the amount of time is lower because the divergence ismore likely to have been caused by the user failing to perceive thedirections or not having time to react to the directions.

The navigation system 1100 also may consider driving characteristicsassociated with the divergence from the route in determining a variableweighting. For example, the navigation system 1100 may determine avariable weighting based on whether the direction (e.g., turn) missed bythe user is an often missed direction (e.g., determine a relativelylower variable weighting when the direction is often missed).

In addition, the navigation system 1100 may consider whether the drivingof the user prior to missing the direction appears to suggest that theuser intentionally avoided the direction or missed the direction byaccident. For instance, the navigation system 1100 may determine arelatively lower variable weighting when the user appears to have beenchanging lanes toward the missed direction and/or decelerating at thetime of missing the direction. In contrast, the navigation system 1100may determine a relatively higher variable weighting when the userappears to have been changing lanes away the missed direction and/oraccelerating at the time of missing the direction.

In some examples, the navigation system 1100 may consider whether thepath the user followed in diverging from the selected route is analternative route to the first primary component. When the path is analternative route to the first primary component, the navigation systemmay determine a relatively lower variable weighting because thedivergence from the path may not indicate that the user is avoiding thefirst primary component because the user is traveling along a route tothe first primary component although the route is not the one suggestedby the navigation device. When the path is not an alternative route tothe first primary component, the navigation system may determine arelatively higher variable weighting because the divergence from thepath may provide a better indication that the user is avoiding the firstprimary component because the user is not traveling along a path to thefirst primary component.

Furthermore, the navigation system 1100 may consider whether the misseddirection is a first missed direction or part of a string of misseddirections in determining the variable weighting. The navigation system1100 may assign a relatively lower variable weighting when the misseddirection is a first missed direction and assign a relatively highervariable weighting when the missed direction is part of a series ofmissed directions (e.g., the navigation system 1100 may graduallyincrease the variable weighting as the number of missed directionsincreases).

The navigation system 1100 further may consider traffic conditions whendetermining the variable weighting. For instance, the navigation system1100 may determine a relatively lower variable weighting when trafficconditions along the route the user traveled are better than trafficconditions along the selected route the user avoided. The navigationsystem 1100 also may determine a relatively higher variable weightingwhen traffic conditions along the route the user traveled are equal toor worse than traffic conditions along the selected route the useravoided.

The navigation system 1100 may delay assigning the variable weighting toexamine driving behavior of the user after missing the direction. Forinstance, the navigation system 1100 may determine to assign arelatively lower variable weighting when the user appears to be making aU-turn or otherwise attempting to correct the missed direction. Thenavigation system 1100 also may determine to assign a relatively lowervariable weighting when the user travels toward a point of interest inavoiding the selected route (e.g., when the user pulls into a gasstation or a rest area, the navigation system 1100 determines that it isless likely that the user missed the direction because the user wasavoiding the first primary component).

The navigation system 1100 computes a metric based on the variableweightings (1430). For instance, the navigation system 1100 may addtogether all of the variable weightings to determine a metric thatestimates the user's avoidance of the first primary component. Thecomputed metric may reflect an overall estimate of the user's avoidanceof the first primary component by applying the variable weightingsdetermined for each instance of divergence.

The navigation system 1100 determines whether the user appears to beavoiding the first primary component based on the computed metric(1440). For example, the navigation system 1100 may compare the computedmetric to a threshold and determine whether the user appears to beavoiding the first primary component based on whether the computedmetric exceeds (or equals) the threshold.

By using variable weightings, the navigation system 1100 may betterestimate the user's actual avoidance of the first primary component. Forinstance, a relatively small number of highly-weighted missed directions(e.g., missed directions that appear intentional) may be needed for thenavigation system 1100 to determine that the user is avoiding the firstprimary component. In addition, a relatively large number oflow-weighted missed directions (e.g., missed directions that appearaccidental) may be needed for the navigation system 1100 to determinethat the user is avoiding the first primary component.

FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a process 1500 for determining whethera user appears to be avoiding a road or a route in reaching adestination. The operations of the process 1500 are described generallyas being performed by the navigation system 1100. The operations of theprocess 1500 may be performed exclusively by the electronic navigationdevice 1105, may be performed exclusively by the navigation host 1190,or may be performed by a combination of the electronic navigation device1105 and the navigation host 1190. In some implementations, operationsof the process 1500 may be performed by one or more processors includedin one or more electronic devices.

The navigation system 1100 tracks multiple instances in which the userappears to be avoiding primary components in reaching destinations(1510). For instance, the navigation system 1100 stores data each timethe navigation system 1100 determines that the user appears to beavoiding a primary component and the user does not rebut thisdetermination. The navigation system 1100 may store data that identifiesthe primary component the user avoided and the time when the useravoided the primary component.

The navigation system 1100 accesses attribute information for theprimary components that the user appears to be avoiding in reachingdestinations (1520). For example, the navigation system 1100 may accessthe data stored as part of tracking multiple instances in which the userappears to be avoiding primary components in reaching destinations. Inthis example, the navigation system 1100 may identify attributeinformation for the primary components the user has avoided from theaccessed data or may identify the primary components the user hasavoided from the accessed data and access attribute information for theidentified primary components from another source (e.g., otherelectronic storage or another electronic device).

The navigation system 1100 analyzes the attribute information for theprimary components that the user appears to be avoiding in reachingdestinations (1530). The navigation system 1100 may compare theattribute information for the primary components the user has avoidedand identify trends within the attribute information. The navigationsystem 1100 also may analyze the time information tracked by thenavigation system 1100 and group attribute information of primarycomponents avoided at similar time periods (e.g., the time periodsmorning, afternoon, and night, seasonal time periods spring, summer,fall, winter, or time periods last 60 days, last 180 days, last 360days). Based on the time analysis, the navigation system 1100 mayidentify trends within particular time periods and also determinewhether the user's preferences appear to be changing.

The navigation system 1100 identifies attributes that are similar forthe primary components that the user appears to be avoiding in reachingdestinations (1540). Based on the analysis, the navigation system 1100identifies attributes that are often included in primary components theuser has avoided. For instance, the navigation system 1100 may determinethat the user tends to avoid routes that include highways or tends toavoid routes that minimize distance instead of time.

The navigation system 1100 performs an operation directed to changingrouting settings of the electronic navigation device based on theidentified attributes (1550). The navigation system 1100 may identify aparticular routing setting that appears to be contrary to the user'srouting preferences based on the identification of attributes that aresimilar for the primary components that the user appears to be avoidingin reaching destinations. For example, when the navigation system 1100determines that the user tends to avoid routes that include highways,the navigation system 1100 may determine that the user prefers to avoidhighways, but that the routing setting of “avoid highways” is set to“no.” In this example, the navigation system may determine that the“avoid highways” routing setting does not match the user's preferencesand may be a good candidate for a change. When the navigation system1100 identifies a routing setting that is a good candidate for a change(e.g., the routing setting does not match the preference of the userinferred based on past route avoidance behavior of the user), thenavigation device 1100 uses techniques described above to automatically,without human intervention, change the routing setting or automatically,without human intervention, suggest a change in the routing setting.

Although the operations of FIG. 15 have been described with respect toanalyzing primary components that the user has avoided, the operationsof FIG. 15 may be applied additionally or alternatively to routes theuser has preferred in past routing situations. For example, thenavigation system 1100 may track the primary components the user haspreferred and may identify attributes that are similar for the primarycomponents that the user has preferred in reaching destinations. Thenavigation system 1100 may use the identified attributes to inferpreferences of the user and inform an operation directed to changingrouting settings of the electronic navigation device. For instance, thenavigation system 1100 may determine that the user often prefers routesthat include highways and, based on the determination, identify that the“maximize highways” routing setting may be a good candidate for a changefrom a “no” setting to a “yes” setting.

In some implementations, the techniques described above may be appliedin the context of identifying points of interest and providingelectronic navigation to points of interest. In these implementations, auser may search for a point of interest, a navigation device may selecta first point of interest in response to the search, and the navigationdevice may automatically, without human intervention, select a secondpoint of interest in response to the search when the user appears to beavoiding the first point of interest.

Referring to FIG. 16, a user interface 1600 of a navigation deviceincludes a mapping display area 1601 that provides a display of a map ofan area corresponding to a current position of a navigation device. Themapping display area 1601 may be similar to the mapping display area 101described above with respect to FIG. 1.

The mapping display area 1601 also includes a current position indicator1602. The current position indicator 1602 provides a graphicalindication of the current position of the navigation device within themapping display area 1601 and may be similar to the current positionindicator 106 described above with respect to FIG. 1.

The mapping display area 1601 further includes multiple points ofinterest 1604, 1606, 1608, and 1610. The multiple points of interest1604, 1606, 1608, and 1610 may be identified by the navigation device inresponse to a search for a point of interest. For instance, as shown inFIG. 16, the multiple points of interest 1604, 1606, 1608, and 1610 maybe gas stations and the navigation device may select and provideelectronic navigation to one of the multiple points of interest 1604,1606, 1608, and 1610 when a user submits, to the navigation device, asearch request for a gas station.

As shown in FIG. 16, based on the current position of the navigationdevice, the user may travel to the multiple points of interest 1604,1606, and 1608 by following a route that includes road 1612 and road1614 and may travel to the point of interest 1610 by following a routethat includes road 1612 and road 1616. In the example shown in FIG. 16,the primary component of a route to the multiple points of interest1604, 1606, and 1608 may be identified as the road 1614 and the primarycomponent of a route to the point of interest 1610 may be identified asthe road 1616.

The navigation device may select the point of interest 1604 in responseto the user's search for a gas station because the point of interest1604 is the closest gas station to the user's current position. Based onthe selection of the point of interest 1604, the navigation deviceprovides electronic navigation to the point of interest 1604 along theroute that includes the road 1612 and the road 1614. For instance, thenavigation device provides a direction to the user to turn left onto theroad 1614.

Referring to FIG. 17, a user interface 1700 illustrates the mappingdisplay area 1601 at a time subsequent to a time when the user interface1600 was shown. In the user interface 1700, the current positionindicator 1602 shows the current position of the navigation device asbeing on the road 1612 between the road 1614 and the road 1616. Asshown, the user has traveled past the road 1614 and, thereby, divergedfrom the primary component of the preferred route to the point ofinterest 1604. The user may have intentionally avoided the road 1614(e.g., the user may have ignored directions to turn left on the road1614) or may have accidentally missed the road 1614.

Based on the user diverging from the primary component of the preferredroute to the point of interest 1604, the navigation device re-routes theuser to the primary component of the preferred route to the point ofinterest 1604. For instance, the navigation device identifies a routethat includes the road 1616 and the road 1702 as being the preferredroute to return to the primary component (e.g., the road 1614). Thenavigation device also tracks the divergence as the first instance ofthe user avoiding the primary component (e.g., the road 1614) of theroute to the point of interest 1604. Because only a first instance ofthe user avoiding the primary component is less than a threshold levelof avoidance, the navigation device re-routes to the user to the primarycomponent of the preferred route to the point of interest 1604.

Referring to FIG. 18, a user interface 1800 illustrates the mappingdisplay area 1601 at a time subsequent to a time when the user interface1700 was shown. In the user interface 1800, the current positionindicator 1602 shows the current position of the navigation device asbeing on the road 1616 between the road 1702 and the road 1802. Asshown, the user has traveled past the road 1702 and, thereby, divergedfrom the re-routing path to the primary component (e.g., the road 1614)of the preferred route to the point of interest 1604. The user may haveintentionally avoided the road 1702 (e.g., the user may have ignoreddirections to turn left on the road 1702) or may have accidentallymissed the road 1702.

Based on the user further diverging from the primary component of thepreferred route to the point of interest 1604 and the point of interest1604 remaining closest to the user's current position, the navigationdevice re-routes the user to the primary component of the preferredroute to the point of interest 1604. For instance, the navigation deviceidentifies a route that includes the road 1802 as being the preferredroute to return to the primary component. The navigation device alsotracks the divergence as the second instance of the user avoiding theprimary component (e.g., the road 1614) of the route to the point ofinterest 1604. Because only two instances of the user avoiding theprimary component is less than a threshold level of avoidance, thenavigation device re-routes the user to the primary component of thepreferred route to the point of interest 1604.

Referring to FIG. 19, a user interface 1900 illustrates the mappingdisplay area 1601 at a time subsequent to a time when the user interface1800 was shown. In the user interface 1900, the current positionindicator 1602 shows the current position of the navigation device asbeing on the road 1616 between the road 1802 and the road 1902. Asshown, the user has traveled past the road 1802 and, thereby, divergedfrom the re-routing path to the primary component of the preferred routeto the point of interest 1604. The user may have intentionally avoidedthe road 1802 (e.g., the user may have ignored directions to turn lefton the road 1802) or may have accidentally missed the road 1802.

Based on the user further diverging from the primary component of thepreferred route to the point of interest 1604, the navigation devicetracks the divergence as the third instance of the user avoiding theprimary component (e.g., the road 1614) of the route to the point ofinterest 1604. In response to identifying the current divergence fromthe primary component of the route to the point of interest 1604 asbeing the third instance of divergence, the navigation deviceautomatically, without user intervention, determines that the userappears to be avoiding the point of interest 1604. Based on thedetermination that the user appears to be avoiding the point of interest1604, the navigation device automatically, without human intervention,identifies an alternative point of interest without re-routing to theprimary component (e.g., the road 1614) despite the point of interest1604 remaining the closest of the multiple points of interest to thecurrent position of the navigation device.

For instance, as shown in FIG. 19, the navigation device automatically,without human intervention, identifies the point of interest 1610 as thepreferred alternative route to the destination 104. The navigationdevice identifies the point of interest 1610 as being the preferredalternative point of interest because it is the closest of the multiplepoints of interest to the current position of the navigation device thatdoes not include the primary component (e.g., the road 1614) thenavigation device has determined the user is avoiding in reaching thepoint of interest. In this regard, although the point of interest 1606is closer to the current position of the navigation device, the point ofinterest 1610 is selected as the alternative point of interest becausetraveling to the point of interest 1606 requires the user to travel onthe primary component (e.g., the road 1614) the navigation device hasdetermined the user is avoiding in reaching the point of interest.

The user interface 1900 may include a notification message thatindicates that the prior point of interest is being automaticallychanged and that indicates that the prior point of interest remainspreferred. In some implementations, the notification message mayidentify the primary component (e.g., the road 1614) that the navigationdevice determined that the user is avoiding and indicate that theautomatic change in the point of interest is based on the user'savoidance of the primary component (e.g., the road 1614).

In some implementations, instead of automatically changing the point ofinterest, the navigation device may suggest a change in the point ofinterest in response to a determination that the user appears to beavoiding the point of interest 1604. In these implementations, the usermay provide user input that indicates whether the user wishes to changethe point of interest and also may provide user input related toidentifying the alternative point of interest to better identify theuser's preference.

Referring to FIG. 20, a user interface includes a suggestion message2010 that includes a suggestion portion 2020 and an informationalportion 2025. The suggestion portion 2020 indicates that the navigationdevice has determined that the user appears to be avoiding the point ofinterest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) and asks the user whether the user wouldlike to find an alternative point of interest. In the example shown inFIG. 20, the navigation device identifies the next closest point ofinterest (i.e., Gas 2) and displays the next closest point of interestin the suggestion portion 2020 to facilitate the user's decision.

The informational portion 2025 provides a message to the user indicatingthat the point of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) remains preferred undercurrent guidance or routing settings (e.g., it remains the closest pointof interest and current routing settings minimize distance in findingpoints of interest). The informational portion 2025 may inform theuser's decision regarding whether to find an alternative point ofinterest 1604. The navigation device may automatically, without humanintervention, display the suggestion message 2010 in response to adetermination that the user appears to be avoiding the point of interest1604.

The suggestion message 2010 also includes a “yes” user input control2030 and a “no” user input control 2040. The “yes” user input control2030 may be configured to receive user input from a user and, inresponse to user selection, initiate a process that causes thenavigation device to identify an alternative point of interest andprovide electronic navigation to the alternative point of interest. The“no” user input control 2040 may be configured to receive user inputfrom a user and, in response to user selection, close the suggestionmessage 2010 and cause the navigation device to maintain the point ofinterest 1604 as preferred and continue providing electronic navigationto the point of interest 1604.

The suggestion message 2010 also includes a “list” user input control2050. The “list” user input control 2050 may be configured to receiveuser input from a user and, in response to user selection, cause thenavigation device to display a list of alternative points of interest.For example, in response to user selection of the “list” user inputcontrol 2050, the navigation device may display a list of otherpotential point of interest (e.g., the points of interest 1606, 1608,and 1610). In this example, the points of interest displayed in the listmay be selectable by the user and, when the user selects a point ofinterest included in the list, the navigation device identifies a routeto the selected point of interest and provides electronic navigation tothe selected point of interest.

FIG. 21 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 2110 thatthe navigation device may automatically, without human intervention,display in response to a determination that the user appears to beavoiding the primary component of a route to the point of interest 1604(i.e., Gas 1). The suggestion message 2110 includes a suggestion portion2120 and an informational portion 2125. The suggestion portion 2120indicates that the navigation device has determined that the userappears to be avoiding the road 1614 as a primary component in finding agas station and asks the user whether the user would like to avoid theroad 1614 in finding a gas station.

By specifically identifying the road 1614 as the primary component of aroute the user appears to be avoiding, the suggestion message 2110 mayinform the decision of the user and allow the user to more accuratelyexpress the user's intention. For instance, although the user may beavoiding a portion of the route to the point of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas1), the portion being avoided by the user may not be the road 1614.Accordingly, the user may not wish to avoid the road 1614, but ratheravoid another portion of the route. The navigation device may enable theuser to identify the portion of the route the user is avoiding and maydisplay a list of portions of the route and request that the useridentify the portion of the route that the user is avoiding (or wishesto avoid in finding a gas station).

In some examples, instead of determining that the user is avoiding thepoint of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1), the navigation device determinesthat the user is avoiding the road 1614. In these examples, thenavigation device may determine that the point of interest 1604 (i.e.,Gas 1) remains the preferred point of interest, but find an alternativeroute to the point of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) that avoids the road1614.

The informational portion 2125 provides a message to the user indicatingthat the road 1614 remains a primary component of the route to the pointof interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) preferred under current guidance orrouting settings. The informational portion 2125 may inform the user'sdecision regarding whether to find an alternative route that avoids theroad 1614.

The suggestion message 2110 also includes a “yes” user input control2130 and a “no” user input control 2140. The “yes” user input control2130 may be configured to receive user input from a user and, inresponse to user selection, initiate a process that causes thenavigation device to identify a point of interest the user can reachwith avoiding the road 1614 and provide electronic navigation to theidentified point of interest along a route that avoids the road 1614.The “no” user input control 2140 may be configured to receive user inputfrom a user and, in response to user selection, close the suggestionmessage 2110 and cause the navigation device to maintain the point ofinterest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) and the route that includes the road 1614 asthe preferred point of interest and route. As such, the navigationdevice continues to provide electronic navigation to the point ofinterest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) along the route that includes the road 1614.

FIG. 22 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 2210 thatthe navigation device may automatically, without human intervention,display in response to a determination that the user appears to beavoiding the primary component of a route to the point of interest 1604(i.e., Gas 1). In this example, in addition to determining that the userappears to be avoiding the primary component of the route to the pointof interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1), the navigation device also attempts todetermine the primary component the user appears to be following infinding a point of interest. The navigation device may determine theprimary component the user appears to be following in finding a point ofinterest by comparing the path the user has taken in traveling to apoint of interest to possible routes to points of interest other thanthe point of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) and, based on the comparison,may identify the route that most closely matches the path the user hastaken in traveling in finding a point of interest.

The suggestion message 2210 includes a suggestion portion 220 and aninformational portion 2225. The suggestion portion 2220 identifies theprimary component that the navigation device determined the user appearsto be following in finding a point of interest and allows the user toselect that primary component to use in identifying a point of interest.For instance, the suggestion portion 2220 indicates that the navigationdevice has determined that the user appears to prefer the road 1616 tothe road 1614 as a primary component of a route to a point of interestand asks the user whether the user would like to use the road 1616 as aprimary component of a route to a point of interest. In implementationsin which the navigation device automatically, without user intervention,changes the point of interest, the navigation device may account for adetermination of the route the user appears to be following in finding apoint of interest (e.g., using or applying a higher weight to the routethe user appears to be following in finding a point of interest).

The informational portion 2225 provides a message to the user indicatingthat the road 1614 remains preferred to the road 1616 as a primarycomponent of a route to a point of interest under current guidance orrouting settings. The informational portion 2225 may inform the user'sdecision regarding whether to use the road 1616 as opposed to the road1614 in finding a point of interest.

The suggestion message 2210 also includes a “yes” user input control2230 and a “no” user input control 2240. The “yes” user input control2230 may be configured to receive user input from a user and, inresponse to user selection, initiate a process that causes thenavigation device to identify a route to a point of interest that usesthe road 1616 and provide electronic navigation to the point of interestalong the route that uses the road 1616. The “no” user input control2240 may be configured to receive user input from a user and, inresponse to user selection, close the suggestion message 2210 and causethe navigation device to maintain the point of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas1) and the route that includes the road 1614 as the preferred point ofinterest and route. As such, the navigation device continues to provideelectronic navigation to the point of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) alongthe route that includes the road 1614.

FIG. 23 illustrates another example of a suggestion message 2310 thatthe navigation device may automatically, without human intervention,display in response to a determination that the user appears to beavoiding the primary component of a route to the point of interest 1604(i.e., Gas 1). The suggestion message 2310 includes a suggestion portion2320 and an informational portion 2325. The suggestion portion 2320indicates that the navigation device has determined that the userappears to be avoiding town A in finding a gas station and asks the userwhether the user would like to avoid town A in finding a gas station.

By specifically identifying town A as the geographic attribute of thepoint of interest the user appears to be avoiding, the suggestionmessage 2310 may inform the decision of the user and allow the user tomore accurately express the user's intention. The navigation device mayidentify that the user is avoiding town A based on avoidance of multiplepoints of interest in town A. For example, the navigation device mayfirst determine that the user appears to be avoiding the point ofinterest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) and identify the point of interest 1606(i.e., Gas 2) as a preferred alternative point of interest. In thisexample, the navigation device may next determine that the user appearsto be avoiding the point of interest 1606 (i.e., Gas 2) and identify thepoint of interest 1608 (i.e., Gas 3) as a preferred alternative point ofinterest. However, instead of selecting the point of interest 1608(i.e., Gas 3), the navigation device may determine that the user hasavoided two points of interest in town A and, therefore, determine toavoid town A in identifying a preferred alternative point of interest.Because the point of interest 1608 (i.e., Gas 3) is located in town A,the navigation device avoids the point of interest 1608 (i.e., Gas 3)and selects the point of interest 1610 (i.e., Gas 4) as the preferredalternative point of interest.

The informational portion 2325 provides a message to the user indicatingthat a point of interest in town A remains preferred under currentguidance or routing settings. The informational portion 2325 may informthe user's decision regarding whether to avoid town A in finding a pointof interest.

The suggestion message 2310 also includes a “yes” user input control2330 and a “no” user input control 2340. The “yes” user input control2330 may be configured to receive user input from a user and, inresponse to user selection, initiate a process that causes thenavigation device to identify a point of interest that is not located intown A and provide electronic navigation to the identified point ofinterest. The “no” user input control 2340 may be configured to receiveuser input from a user and, in response to user selection, close thesuggestion message 2310 and cause the navigation device to maintain thepoint of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) and the route that includes theroad 1614 as the preferred point of interest and route. As such, thenavigation device continues to provide electronic navigation to thepoint of interest 1604 (i.e., Gas 1) along the route that includes theroad 1614.

The user interfaces shown in FIGS. 20-23 may be displayed in any varietyof combinations. For instance, all four of the interfaces may bedisplayed together or the user interface 2000 may be displayed first andone or all of the user interfaces 2100, 2200, and 2300 may be displayedwhen the user selects the “yes” user input control 2030. Someimplementations may include other variations.

FIG. 24 illustrates an example of a process 2400 for identifying a pointof interest. The operations of the process 2400 are described generallyas being performed by the navigation system 1100. The operations of theprocess 2400 may be performed exclusively by the electronic navigationdevice 1105, may be performed exclusively by the navigation host 1190,or may be performed by a combination of the electronic navigation device1105 and the navigation host 1190. In some implementations, operationsof the process 2400 may be performed by one or more processors includedin one or more electronic devices.

The navigation system 1100 receives a search for a type of point ofinterest (2410). For instance, the navigation system 1100 may receive aquery for a nearby restaurant, gas stations, etc.

The navigation system 1100 identifies multiple points of interest thatmatch the type of point of interest included in the search (2420). Forexample, the navigation system 1100 searches a database (or otherelectronic storage) that includes information describing points ofinterest (e.g., type, location, ratings, etc.) and identifies points ofinterest that match the criteria requested by the user. In this example,the navigation system 1100 may identify gas stations within a particulargeographic area with respect to the current position of the user (e.g.,within a five mile radius of the user).

The navigation system 1100 selects, from among the multiple points ofinterest, a first point of interest (2430). For instance, the navigationsystem 1100 compares attributes of the identified multiple points ofinterest and selects a first point of interest based on the comparisonand the user's preferences. The user's preferences may indicate that theuser prefers to minimize distance and avoid highways. In this case, thenavigation system 1100 selects the first point of interest as theclosest point of interest that can be reached along a route that doesnot include a highway.

The navigation system 1100 provides, to a user using an electronicnavigation device, electronic navigation to the first point of interest(2440). The navigation system 1100 may provide electronic navigation tothe first point of interest using techniques described above withrespect to reference numeral 1220.

The navigation system 1100 monitors, using the electronic navigationdevice, whether the user is following directions to the first point ofinterest (2450). The navigation system 1100 may monitor whether the useris following directions to the first point of interest using techniquesdescribed above with respect to reference numeral 1230.

The navigation system 1100 computes a metric that measures the user'savoidance of the first point of interest (2460). The navigation system1100 may compute a metric that measures the user's avoidance of thefirst point of interest using techniques described above with respect toreference numerals 1240, 1320, and 1430.

The navigation system 1100 determines whether the user appears to beavoiding the first point of interest (2470). The navigation system 1100may determine whether the user appears to be avoiding the first point ofinterest using techniques described above with respect to referencenumerals 1250, 1340, and 1440.

The navigation system 1100 performs an operation directed to selecting,from among the multiple points of interest, a second point of interest(2480). The navigation system 1100 may perform an operation directed toselecting, from among the multiple points of interest, a second point ofinterest using techniques described above with respect to referencenumeral 1260.

For example, the navigation system 1100 may automatically, without userintervention, identify a second point of interest and automatically,without user invention, change to the second point of interest despitethe first point of interest remaining a preferred point of interestaccording to current routing settings. In this example, the navigationsystem 1100 may display a notification message that indicates that aprior point of interest has been changed based on the user's avoidanceof the prior point of interest and that indicates that the prior pointof interest remains a preferred point of interest according to currentrouting settings.

The navigation system 1100 also may automatically, without humanintervention, display a suggestion message that suggests identifying analternative point of interest in finding the type of point of interestsearched for by the user. The navigation system 1100 further maydisplay, concurrently with or subsequent to the suggestion message, oneor more user interface controls that enable the user to either controlthe electronic navigation device to pursue the alternative point ofinterest or control the electronic navigation device to maintain thefirst point of interest.

In some implementations, the navigation system 1100 may identify ageographic attribute (e.g., a town) that the user appears to be avoidingin finding the type of point of interest searched for by the user. Thefirst point of interest may have the geographic attribute. In theseimplementations, the navigation system 1100 may display a suggestionmessage that suggests avoiding the geographic attribute in finding thetype of point of interest searched for by the user, and also maydisplay, concurrently with or subsequent to the suggestion message, oneor more user interface controls that enable the user to either controlthe electronic navigation device to avoid the geographic attribute infinding the type of point of interest searched for by the user orcontrol the electronic navigation device to maintain the first point ofinterest that has the geographic attribute.

The user interfaces described with respect to FIGS. 1-10 and 16-23 maybe rendered on a display device and at least one processor may be usedto generate input to the display device to cause the display device torender the user interfaces. For instance, a portable electronicnavigation device may include a processor and a display device. Inoperation of the portable electronic navigation device, the processormay be configured to generate one or more video signals that cause thedisplay device to render a display of the user interfaces describedabove with respect to FIGS. 1-10 and 16-23.

The described techniques may be implemented using a navigation device(e.g., a personal navigation assistant, a portable navigation assistant,etc.). A navigation device may include any device that receives GPSsignals for the purpose of determining a present location of the device.These devices may be used in military, commercial aviation, and consumerproduct applications. In some implementations, the navigation device mayfeature interactive street maps that also may show points of interest,route information, and step-by-step routing directions. These may bededicated navigation devices or multi-function devices such as PDAs,smartphones, or laptop computers running GPS navigation software.

The described systems, methods, and techniques may be implemented indigital electronic circuitry, computer hardware, or in combinations ofthese elements and software. Apparatus implementing these techniques mayinclude appropriate input and output devices, a computer processor, anda computer program product tangibly embodied in a machine-readablestorage device for execution by a programmable processor. A processimplementing these techniques may be performed by a programmableprocessor executing a program of instructions to perform desiredfunctions by operating on input data and generating appropriate output.The techniques may be implemented in one or more computer programs thatare executable on a programmable system including at least oneprogrammable processor coupled to receive data and instructions from,and to transmit data and instructions to, a data storage system, atleast one input device, and at least one output device. Each computerprogram may be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-orientedprogramming language, or in assembly or machine language if desired; andin any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language.Suitable processors include, by way of example, both general and specialpurpose microprocessors. Generally, a processor will receiveinstructions and data from a read-only memory and/or a random accessmemory. Storage devices suitable for tangibly embodying computer programinstructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory,including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, such asErasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically ErasableProgrammable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and flash memory devices;magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks;magneto-optical disks; and Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM). Anyof the foregoing may be supplemented by, or incorporated in,specially-designed ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits).

It will be understood that various modifications may be made. Forexample, other useful implementations still could be achieved if stepsof the disclosed techniques were performed in a different order and/orif components in the disclosed systems were combined in a differentmanner and/or replaced or supplemented by other components. Accordingly,other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.

1. A method of providing electronic navigation comprising: receiving asearch for a type of point of interest; in response to the search,identifying multiple points of interest that match the type of point ofinterest included in the search; selecting, from among the multiplepoints of interest, a first point of interest; identifying a first routeto the first point of interest; providing, to a user of an electronicnavigation device, electronic navigation to the first point of interest;monitoring, using the electronic navigation device, whether the user isfollowing directions to the first point of interest, the monitoringcomprising tracking times in which the user has followed a oath otherthan a oath included in directions to the first point of interestprovided in electronic navigation to the first point of interest;computing a metric that measures the user's avoidance of the first pointof interest based on tracking times in which the uses has followed apath other than a path included in directions to the first point ofinterest provided in electronic navigation to the first point ofinterest; automatically, without user intervention, determining whetherthe user appears to be avoiding the first point of interest based on thecomputed metric that measures the user's avoidance of the first point ofinterest; and in response to a determination that the user appears to beavoiding the first point of interest, automatically, without userintervention, controlling the electronic navigation device to perform anoperation directed to selecting, from among the multiple points ofinterest, a second point of interest despite the first point of interestremaining a preferred point of interest according to routing settings atthe time of the controlling.
 2. The method of claim 1 whereinautomatically, without user intervention, controlling the electronicnavigation device to perform an operation directed to selecting, fromamong the multiple points of interest, a second point of interestdespite the first point of interest remaining a preferred point ofinterest according to routing settings at the time of the controllingcomprises: automatically, without user intervention, identifying thesecond point of interest; automatically, without user invention,changing to the second point of interest despite the first point ofinterest remaining a preferred point of interest according to routingsettings at the time of the changing; and displaying a notificationmessage that indicates that a prior point of interest has been changedbased on the user's avoidance of the prior point of interest and thatindicates that the prior point of interest remains a preferred point ofinterest according to routing settings at the time of the changing. 3.The method of claim 1 wherein automatically, without user intervention,controlling the electronic navigation device to perform an operationdirected to selecting, from among the multiple points of interest, asecond point of interest despite the first point of interest remaining apreferred point of interest according to routing settings at the time ofthe controlling comprises: displaying a suggestion message that suggestsidentifying an alternative point of interest in finding the type ofpoint of interest searched for by the user; and displaying, concurrentlywith or subsequent to the suggestion message, one or more user interfacecontrols that enable the user to either control the electronicnavigation device to pursue the alternative point of interest or controlthe electronic navigation device to maintain the first point ofinterest.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein automatically, without userintervention, controlling the electronic navigation device to perform anoperation directed to selecting, from among the multiple points ofinterest, a second point of interest despite the first point of interestremaining a preferred point of interest according to routing settings atthe time of the controlling comprises: identifying a geographicattribute that the user appears to be avoiding in finding the type ofpoint of interest searched for by the user, the first point of interesthaving the geographic attribute; displaying a suggestion message thatsuggests avoiding the geographic attribute in finding the type of pointof interest searched for by the user; and displaying, concurrently withor subsequent to the suggestion message, one or more user interfacecontrols that enable the user to either control the electronicnavigation device to avoid the geographic attribute in finding the typeof point of interest searched for by the user or control the electronicnavigation device to maintain the first point of interest that has thegeographic attribute.
 5. A method comprising: tracking multipleinstances in which the user appears to be avoiding primary components inreaching destinations, the primary components being parts of preferredroutes to the destinations based on routing settings of an electronicnavigation device; accessing attribute information for the primarycomponents that the user appears to be avoiding in reachingdestinations; analyzing the attribute information for the primarycomponents that the user appears to be avoiding in reachingdestinations; based on the analysis, identifying attributes that aresimilar for the primary components that the user appears to be avoidingin reaching destinations; comparing the identified attributes to therouting settings of the electronic navigation device; and performing anoperation directed to changing the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device based on the comparison of the identified attributesto the routing settings of the electronic navigation device.
 6. Themethod of claim 5, wherein performing an operation directed to changingthe routing settings of the electronic navigation device based on thecomparison of the identified attributes to the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device comprises displaying a suggestion messagethat suggests a change in the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device based on the comparison of the identified attributesto the routing settings of the electronic navigation device.
 7. Themethod of claim 5: wherein tracking multiple instances in which the userappears to be avoiding primary components in reaching destinationscomprises, each time the electronic navigation device determines thatthe user appears to be avoiding a primary component and the user doesnot rebut this determination, storing data identifying the primarycomponent the user avoided; wherein analyzing the attribute informationfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations comprises comparing the attribute information forthe primary components the user has avoided and identifying trendswithin the attribute information based on the comparison of theattribute information; wherein identifying attributes that are similarfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations comprises identifying attributes that are oftenincluded in primary components the user has avoided based on theidentified trends within the attribute information; wherein comparingthe identified attributes to the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device comprises comparing the identified attributes that areoften included in primary components the user has avoided to identify aparticular routing setting that appears to be contrary to the user'srouting preferences; and wherein performing an operation directed tochanging the routing settings of the electronic navigation device basedon the comparison of the identified attributes to the routing settingsof the electronic navigation device comprises performing an operationdirected to changing the particular routing setting that appears to becontrary to the user's routing preferences.
 8. The method of claim 5:wherein identifying attributes that are similar for the primarycomponents that the user appears to be avoiding in reaching destinationscomprises identifying that the user tends to avoid primary componentsthat include highways based on the analysis of the attribute informationfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations; wherein comparing the identified attributes tothe routing settings of the electronic navigation device comprisescomparing the identification that the user tends to avoid primarycomponents that include highways to an avoid highways routing setting ofthe electronic navigation device to determine whether the avoid highwaysrouting setting is set to a yes setting or a no setting; and whereinperforming an operation directed to changing the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device based on the comparison of the identifiedattributes to the routing settings of the electronic navigation devicecomprises changing the avoid highways routing setting from the nosetting to the yes setting based on a determination that the avoidhighways routing setting is set to the no setting.
 9. The method ofclaim 5 further comprising: tracking primary components that the userhas preferred in reaching destinations in past routing situations;identifying attributes that are similar for the primary components thatthe user has preferred in reaching destinations based on the tracking;and inferring routing preferences of the user based on the identifiedattributes that are similar for the primary components that the user haspreferred in reaching destinations, wherein performing an operationdirected to changing the routing settings of the electronic navigationdevice based on the comparison of the identified attributes to therouting settings of the electronic navigation device comprisesperforming an operation directed to changing the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device based on the inferred routing preferencesof the user in addition to the comparison of the identified attributesthat are similar for the primary components that the user appears to beavoiding in reaching destinations to the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device.
 10. The method of claim 9: whereininferring routing preferences of the user based on the identifiedattributes that are similar for the primary components that the user haspreferred in reaching destinations comprises determining that the useroften prefers routes that include highways; and wherein performing anoperation directed to changing the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device based on the inferred routing preferences of the userin addition to the comparison of the identified attributes that aresimilar for the primary components that the user appears to be avoidingin reaching destinations to the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device comprises identifying that a maximize highways routingsetting may be a good candidate for a change from a no setting to a yessetting based on the determination that the user often prefers routesthat include highways.
 11. An electronic system comprising: at least oneprocessor; and at least one computer-readable storage medium encodedwith executable instructions that, when executed by the at least oneprocessor, causes the at least one processor to perform operationscomprising: receiving a search for a type of point of interest; inresponse to the search, identifying multiple points of interest thatmatch the type of point of interest included in the search; selecting,from among the multiple points of interest, a first point of interest;identifying a first route to the first point of interest; providing, toa user using an electronic navigation device, electronic navigation tothe first point of interest; monitoring, using the electronic navigationdevice, whether the user is following directions to the first point ofinterest, the monitoring comprising tracking times in which the user hasfollowed a path other than a path included in directions to the firstpoint of interest provided in electronic navigation to the first pointof interest; computing a metric that measures the user's avoidance ofthe first point of interest based on tracking times in which the userhas followed a path other than a path included in directions to thefirst point of interest provided in electronic navigation to the firstpoint of interest; automatically, without user intervention, determiningwhether the user appears to be avoiding the first point of interestbased on the computed metric that measures the user's avoidance of thefirst point of interest; and in response to a determination that theuser appears to be avoiding the first point of interest, automatically,without user intervention, controlling the electronic navigation deviceto perform an operation directed to selecting, from among the multiplepoints of interest, a second point of interest despite the first pointof interest remaining a preferred point of interest according to routingsettings at the time of the controlling.
 12. The system of claim 11wherein automatically, without user intervention, controlling theelectronic navigation device to perform an operation directed toselecting, from among the multiple points of interest, a second point ofinterest despite the first point of interest remaining a preferred pointof interest according to routing settings at the time of the controllingcomprises: automatically, without user intervention, identifying thesecond point of interest; automatically, without user invention,changing to the second point of interest despite the first point ofinterest remaining a preferred point of interest according to routingsettings at the time of the changing; and displaying a notificationmessage that indicates that a prior point of interest has been changedbased on the user's avoidance of the prior point of interest and thatindicates that the prior point of interest remains a preferred point ofinterest according to routing settings at the time of the changing. 13.The system of claim 11 wherein automatically, without user intervention,controlling the electronic navigation device to perform an operationdirected to selecting, from among the multiple points of interest, asecond point of interest despite the first point of interest remaining apreferred point of interest according to routing settings at the time ofthe controlling comprises: displaying a suggestion message that suggestsidentifying an alternative point of interest in finding the type ofpoint of interest searched for by the user; and displaying, concurrentlywith or subsequent to the suggestion message, one or more user interfacecontrols that enable the user to either control the electronicnavigation device to pursue the alternative point of interest or controlthe electronic navigation device to maintain the first point ofinterest.
 14. The system of claim 11 wherein automatically, without userintervention, controlling the electronic navigation device to perform anoperation directed to selecting, from among the multiple points ofinterest, a second point of interest despite the first point of interestremaining a preferred point of interest according to routing settings atthe time of the controlling comprises: identifying a geographicattribute that the user appears to be avoiding in finding the type ofpoint of interest searched for by the user, the first point of interesthaving the geographic attribute; displaying a suggestion message thatsuggests avoiding the geographic attribute in finding the type of pointof interest searched for by the user; and displaying, concurrently withor subsequent to the suggestion message, one or more user interfacecontrols that enable the user to either control the electronicnavigation device to avoid the geographic attribute in finding the typeof point of interest searched for by the user or control the electronicnavigation device to maintain the first point of interest that has thegeographic attribute.
 15. An electronic system comprising: at least oneprocessor; and at least one computer-readable storage medium encodedwith executable instructions that, when executed by the at least oneprocessor, causes the at least one processor to perform, operationscomprising: tracking multiple instances in which the user appears to beavoiding primary components in reaching destinations, the primarycomponents being parts of preferred routes to the destinations based onrouting settings of an electronic navigation device; accessing attributeinformation for the primary components that the user appears to beavoiding in reaching destinations; analyzing the attribute informationfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations; based on the analysis, identifying attributesthat are similar for the primary components that the user appears to beavoiding in reaching destinations; comparing the identified attributesto the routing settings of the electronic navigation device; andperforming an operation directed to changing the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device based on the comparison of the identifiedattributes to the routing settings of the electronic navigation device.16. The system of claim 15, wherein performing an operation directed tochanging the routing settings of the electronic navigation device basedon the comparison of the identified attributes to the routing settingsof the electronic navigation device comprises displaying a suggestionmessage that suggests a change in the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device based on the comparison of the identified attributesto the routing settings of the electronic navigation device.
 17. Thesystem of claim 15, wherein tracking multiple instances in which theuser appears to be avoiding primary components in reaching destinationscomprises; each time the electronic navigation device determines thatthe user appears to be avoiding a primary component and the user doesnot rebut this determination, storing data identifying the primarycomponent the user avoided; wherein analyzing the attribute informationfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations comprises comparing the attribute information forthe primary components the user has avoided and identifying trendswithin the attribute information based on the comparison of theattribute information; wherein identifying attributes that are similarfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations comprises identifying attributes that are oftenincluded in primary components the user has avoided based on theidentified trends within the attribute information: wherein comparingthe identified attributes to the routing settings of the electronicnavigation device comprises comparing the identified attributes that areoften included in primary components the user has avoided to identify aparticular routing setting that appears to be contrary to the user'srouting preferences; and wherein performing an operation directed tochanging the routing settings of the electronic navigation device basedon the comparison of the identified attributes to the routing settingsof the electronic navigation device comprises performing an operationdirected to changing the particular routing setting that appears to becontrary to the user's routing preferences.
 18. The system of claim 15:wherein identifying attributes that are similar for the primarycomponents that the user appears to be avoiding in reaching destinationscomprises identifying that the user tends to avoid primary componentsthat include highways based on the analysis of the attribute informationfor the primary components that the user appears to be avoiding inreaching destinations; wherein comparing the identified attributes tothe routing settings of the electronic navigation device comprisescomparing the identification that the user tends to avoid primarycomponents that include highways to an avoid highways routing setting ofthe electronic navigation device to determine whether the avoid highwaysrouting setting is set to a yes setting or a no setting; and whereinperforming an operation directed to changing the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device based on the comparison of the identifiedattributes to the routing settings of the electronic navigation devicecomprises changing the avoid highways routing setting from the nosetting to the yes setting based on a determination that the avoidhighways routing setting is set to the no setting.
 19. The system ofclaim 15: wherein the operations further comprise: tracking primarycomponents that the user has preferred in reaching destinations in pastrouting situations; identifying attributes that are similar for theprimary components that the user has preferred in reaching destinationsbased on the tracking; and inferring routing preferences of the userbased on the identified attributes that are similar for the primarycomponents that the user has preferred in reaching destinations; whereinperforming an operation directed to changing the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device based on the comparison of the identifiedattributes to the routing settings of the electronic navigation devicecomprises performing an operation directed to changing the routingsettings of the electronic navigation device based on the inferredrouting preferences of the user in addition to the comparison of theidentified attributes that are similar for the primary components thatthe user appears to be avoiding in reaching destinations to the routingsettings of the electronic navigation device.
 20. The system of claim19, wherein inferring routing preferences of the user based on theidentified attributes that are similar for the primary components thatthe user has preferred in reaching destinations comprises determiningthat the user often prefers routes that include highways; and whereinperforming an operation directed to changing the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device based on the inferred routing preferencesof the user in addition to the comparison of the identified attributesthat are similar for the primary components that the user appears to beavoiding in reaching destinations to the routing settings of theelectronic navigation device comprises identifying that a maximizehighways routing setting may be a good candidate for a change from a nosetting to a yes setting based on the determination that the user oftenprefers routes that include highways.